As part of our response to the European Commission’s consultation on possible reforms to its merger control guidelines,[1] we submitted our observations on Topic Paper G – Public Policy, Security, and Labour Market Considerations.
KIA Auto: Court of Justice Eases the Road for Establishing Anticompetitive Effects in Vertical Agreements
On December 5, 2024, the Court of Justice delivered a preliminary ruling in a case involving KIA Auto and its parent company Tallinna Kaubamaja Grupp on the required standard of proof to demonstrate restrictions by effect under Article 101(1) TFEU.[1]